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cosmonaut sergey of day of joining us

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today sergey thank you so much for your

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time

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uh you are to this day the most recent

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human

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to spend a year or more in space having

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accomplished that feat

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of 380 days in space

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between august 1998 and august 1999.

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what were the major highlights of that

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year in space and the low points of that

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marathon mission that you spent aboard

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was not

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one year long flight i mean prior to my

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right before me and then there was even

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another flight even earlier than that of

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and each of those three super long

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flights was different from another one

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but the previous two flights before mine

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were such that the crews actually knew

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all along that they're going to be

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flying a one year mission in my case it

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was different

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realistically i came to know about the

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nature of this flight the duration of

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this flight already being one orbit

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on the ground

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there were negotiations

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discussions regarding the actual status

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of the

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mere station

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but the decision was not made as to

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which sequence we're going to entertain

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when it comes to you know flying on a

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station

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i was prepared that my flight might turn

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out to be a little bit

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longer but i never thought that it it'll

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be twice as long

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and more roles

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i came to know about that

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not even from

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the people on the ground

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not from the mission control center

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folks

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but i i came to know about that from the

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crew that arrived

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on orbit

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to replace

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um my first

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a half

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of the expedition

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actually namely it was uh french

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cosmonaut jean-pierre

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and he told me you know french space

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agency was thinking to fly for about a

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month but

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recently all of a sudden it turned out

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that it's going to be a full-blown

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flight six months

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and that was the difference between my

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plight the flight and the flights that

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took place earlier and the one that is

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coming up in

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soon

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for those of us here on earth who are

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not astronauts or cosmonauts spending a

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year in space

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seems

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to be a very daunting

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task

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how challenging was

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your mission of spending a year or more

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in space and

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how much of your mission was designed to

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acquire information about the long

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duration effect of weightlessness on the

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when it comes to impact of the

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weightlessness on a human body

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probably

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the the mankind knows like 80 percent of

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what uh

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the entire amount of information that is

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available

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the information is still being gathered

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uh the analysis is still going on it's

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as for the singularities and

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as far as what recommendations i can

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give to cosmonauts

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and mostly

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management and the people who are in

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charge of developing those programs

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it's necessary to be extremely

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conscientious

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about several

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problems problems

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when it comes to pure physiology

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we every day

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exercise

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stretch muscles we take care of our

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bones

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and over the course of one year

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we

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are supposed to

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stay fit yes

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which is not an easy task

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you may get

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tired you just may hate the idea of

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exercising and you are sort of forced to

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skip a training session

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next time you may feel

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totally different

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you might be so energetic you're gonna

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get in there

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right then and as a result you may

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damage your muscle for instance and it's

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gonna take a month for this to heal

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which makes the overall situation even

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worse

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so in this regard it's necessary to be

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extremely

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who fly to space

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in such a way

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that

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a month before there is a huge crowd of

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people that surrounds the crew members

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at all times their

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festive atmosphere

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press conferences

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but the closer they get

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to the to getting on the rocket the

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fewer people have an access to the crew

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they

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go through the meeting of the uh

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government

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and then they get into a suit up area

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where they don

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and then

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only two

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crew members sit right next to each

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other and eventually the uh last person

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who closes the hedge behind them

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so the actual flight

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never starts

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when the rocket blasts off

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but

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way prior

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when the person who is so much immersed

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and submerged in the training he gets

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uh i could talk about crew members

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participating in this slide but i wanted

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to say a couple of words about the crew

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it was the flight as part of the program

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euro mir

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95

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was supposed to last six months but it

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was different

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in a sense that for the first time we've

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started working

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with our foreign partners foreign

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cosmonauts

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in a equal kind of manner in a

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reciprocal manner and thomas reiter was

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getting ready

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to fly with us

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for the entire amount of time not for 10

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days not for two weeks but for six

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months

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and at the same time

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walter petters

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who

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was the head of this

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program on behalf of european space

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agency currently he is the director of a

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strasbourg space university

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he

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was thinking through every single tiny

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detail of this fight like very minor

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thing and those minor things all of a

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sudden used to turn out very big for us

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for instance

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he

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found a pair of glasses

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very interesting glasses

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and he bought them off the shelf at a

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regular ordinary store but if you look

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in a window in these glasses they get

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darker the lenses get darker

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then he designed a special vest for the

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crew members

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with smaller

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pockets

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with different types of velcro and it

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was all done for convenience of the crew

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they also conducted two different events

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that i still remember

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one orbit we with their help we managed

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to celebrate the new year because

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christmas new year's orthodox christmas

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so it's a stretch of holidays that

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equals two weeks and all of a sudden we

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receive a gift which was delivered by by

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the cargo vehicle progress vehicle

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and in this gift there is a disc

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with the recording

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and this

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video was shot on the ground and

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delivered to us on orbit

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and uh it came from europeans from group

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ground personnel from cologne all kinds

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of different places mission control

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center all working in support of our

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flight including strasbourg by the way

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and all

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personnel involved in this effort in

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flight support extended there

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congratulations to uh to us they used to

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fly up the roofs of the buildings there

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were fir trees they were

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colorful balloons and it was all

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magnificent also we received

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congratulations from our families which

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also

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turned out to be very instrumental in

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being able to

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support each other and

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create required rapport between the crew

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and i would like to wish

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that the upcoming flight

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of miguel carnienka and scott kelly

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would be just as successful and would be

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momentous not only for the crew members

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but also for the entire flight support

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personnel on the ground

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with their upcoming launch

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scott kelly and mikhail kronyenko will

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soon

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embark on spending a year aboard the

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international space station

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this is the first such mission of that

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duration since yours

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what are your thoughts on their flight

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to gain modern day biomedical data

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for that period of time and the benefit

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that that data will yield with the

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ultimate goal being a trip to mars

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uh

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in order to

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answer this question let me give you the

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opinion one of our medical doctors

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russian medical doctors experts they uh

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on several occasions they used to uh

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state

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and last time around by the way i heard

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this opinion back in houston

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at the rice university as part of the

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medical summit

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and they used to say and they say it now

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that we should not expect

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anything new

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uh from the purely medical standpoint

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we have uh the flight of musa vladimir

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tito

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we have the flight of valeri polyakov

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uh we have my flight four flights all

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tell us

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that from the medical standpoint we

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shouldn't be expecting any breakthroughs

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this is the opinion of one single

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let him be just a physiologist but there

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is also physiology there is also

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psychology there is also sociology there

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is also a concept of flight control

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there is a concept of reasonable

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performance of the mission control

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center and there's

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very many different tiny subtleties and

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nuances that we should be striving to

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get compared to what we used to have in

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the past and that's that's what my car

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is on that

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and finally sergey what in your opinion

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um

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would be the most significant challenge

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to accomplishing

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a mission to mars both from a physical

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and technical standpoint is a mission to

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mars

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feasible if you had all the money in the

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world to do it

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all projects

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that i

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have seen

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regarding the uh

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which are figuratively speaking

296
00:13:46,710 --> 00:13:45,430
just for two three or up to ten crew

297
00:13:49,750 --> 00:13:46,720
members

298
00:13:52,389 --> 00:13:49,760
but it's a just a replica

299
00:13:54,230 --> 00:13:52,399
we need to be just as the planet of

300
00:13:55,829 --> 00:13:54,240
earth the crew needs to be protected

301
00:13:58,310 --> 00:13:55,839
from radiation

302
00:13:59,670 --> 00:13:58,320
the crew just as planet of earth is

303
00:14:03,350 --> 00:13:59,680
supposed to be

304
00:14:06,230 --> 00:14:03,360
having a magnetic field

305
00:14:07,829 --> 00:14:06,240
because they the crew the humankind

306
00:14:10,230 --> 00:14:07,839
have to be

307
00:14:11,829 --> 00:14:10,240
protected by the magnetic field so

308
00:14:16,230 --> 00:14:11,839
basically what we're going to be flying

309
00:14:18,949 --> 00:14:16,240
to mars is a spacecraft called the earth

310
00:14:19,750 --> 00:14:18,959
which is very complex

311
00:14:21,670 --> 00:14:19,760
from

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00:14:23,829 --> 00:14:21,680
every aspect

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00:14:25,910 --> 00:14:23,839
cosmonauts sergey of dev thank you so

314
00:14:27,829 --> 00:14:25,920
much for your time and insight today uh

315
00:14:30,710 --> 00:14:27,839
we appreciate it very much and uh good

316
00:14:32,629 --> 00:14:30,720
luck to you too thank you

317
00:14:36,069 --> 00:14:32,639
for pleasure

318
00:14:39,110 --> 00:14:36,079
best wishes for this flight for all

319
00:14:41,269 --> 00:14:39,120
colleagues who help them

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00:15:29,990 --> 00:14:41,279
to work

321
00:15:34,389 --> 00:15:33,269
thomas it has been wonderful to see you

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00:15:36,550 --> 00:15:34,399
again

323
00:15:39,110 --> 00:15:36,560
to work with you and fly with you

324
00:15:40,629 --> 00:15:39,120
the russians i think it's most difficult

325
00:15:42,629 --> 00:15:40,639
to say goodbye

326
00:15:45,509 --> 00:15:42,639
and the russians have a much better uh

327
00:15:48,389 --> 00:15:45,519
expression which is dasvidanya until we

328
00:15:50,470 --> 00:15:48,399
so we see each other again the even

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00:15:51,430 --> 00:15:50,480
better uh

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so

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00:16:03,040 --> 00:16:58,389
um